p)^(pp)^(pp)^(pp)^(pp)^...p)Some Cosmological Thoughts
Cosmology is concerned with how the universe began, how and why it expanded, and when forces such as gravity became active in the universe. And recently we have even discovered that the universe is accelerating in its rate of expansion. So the task here will be to explain these effects in terms of virtual particles. This requires an explanation of where spacetime comes from to begin with and what mechanism would cause there to be more space with time.
Previously I explained here and here that spacetime was made up of virtual particle pairs whose particles were traded off with a real particle as a means of propagation. This virtual particle trading was used as a definition for energy of every kind. And I explained how the wave function of a particle contained of a cloud of virtual particles that surrounded the particle. These virtual particles even interacted with other virtual particles to create longer lasting virtual particles that floated about until they eventually recombined with other virtual antiparticles that were also floating about for time. The density of these momentary virtual particles and the length of time they remain free before recombining is in itself a form of energy since they engage in virtual particle trading as well until they recombine.
But since empty space itself is defined by these virtual particles that can interact with each other and create an energy density, this energy density can serve as the definition of the vacuum energy, or cosmological constant, which is the energy of empty space. The question then become, how does this energy create more space that drives the expansion of the universe.
As I described above, the path integral of quantum mechanics says that there is a cloud of virtual particles that surrounds a real particle; they are used to construct all the alternative paths needed in the propagation of a particle. This suggests that wherever there is a particle propagating anywhere, then there will also be a cloud of virtual particles surrounding it. But these virtual particles can interact with each other and create momentary real particles that will propagate longer until they recombine. When they are propagating, they act like real particles for a brief time and, therefore, must have their own cloud of virtual particles which act as the space in which they move. So with space there are virtual particles; they interact creating momentary real particles that creates more space as they propagate. And with more space there are more virtual particles that interact, create more virtual particle, creating even more space. So in effect new space is created between existing particles which appears to cause space to expand. This would seem to cause exponential expansion of the universe, and it would seem to be an unlimited process unless some other effect slows it down. What I've described so far is that space is formed with propagation. But what still needs to be explained is the exact mechanism that creates new space? How do we get more points of spacetime from just one point?
The development so far has been for a set of
different points in conjunction, leading to implications between those points, which led to
virtual particles. But this all could be applied to just one point. For each
point was described by a proposition, and a proposition can be equated to any
number of the same proposition in conjunction with itself, p)^(pp)^(pp)^(pp)^(pp)^...p)
